What is Lycaon Pictus?;Lycaon Pictus is the African Wild Dog. What is Canis Lupus?;Canis Lupus is the Gray Wolf. What is Canis Rufus?;Canis Rufus is the Red Wolf. What is Canis Latrans?;Canis Latrans is the Coyote. What is Canis Aureus?;Canis Aureus is the Golden Jackal. What is Nyctereutes Procyonoides?;Nyctereutes Procyonoides is the Raccoon Dog. What is Canis Simensis?;Canis Simensis is the Simien Jackal. What is Canis Familiaris?;Canis Familiaris is the Domestic Dog. What is feral?;Feral refers to a domestic animal that has reverted to its wild state. Example: The Dingo of Australia is a domestic dog that has reverted to living wild. What is a dewclaw?;A dewclaw is the innermost toe on each foot (equivalent to a human thumb). Many breeds no longer use the dewclaw but it is not usually necessary to remove it. Name a dog breed that has double dewclaws.;Great Pyrenees is an example of a dog breed that has double dewclaws. What is ear cropping?;Ear cropping is surgically cutting away part of a dog's ear to make it stand up. Many countries such as the United Kingdom and Germany have made this cosmetic surgery illegal because it can be very painful for the dog. What is tail docking?;Tail docking is surgically removing part or most of a dog's tail. Many veterinarians feel that if the surgery is done 2 to 4 days after birth it will cause little pain to the puppy. Some countries are making this cosmetic surgery illegal. What is submissive urination?;Submissive urination is when a dog urinates when anyone, dog or human, tries to pet him or say hello. This is common in young dogs, a way for them to say "You are the boss and I'm not going to challenge you." What are hackles?;Hackles are the hairs on the top of the dogs back especially over the shoulders and hips. Dogs will "raise" their hackles if they feel threatened, angry, fearful, antagonistic or ready to fight. Some breeds can't raise their hackles. Name a dog breed that cannot raise its hackles?;Cocker Spaniels, Poodles, Portuguese Water Dogs, and Mexican Hairless Dogs cannot raise their hackles. What is a Xoloitzcuintli?;Xoloitzcuintli is the Mexican Hairless Dog. What is behavior?;Behavior is any movement you or an animal makes with a reason for making the move. i.e. sitting, to rest your legs. What is body language?;Body language is showing your feelings by the way your body reacts. i.e. frowning, pulling back, shrugging, looking away (especially noticeable when telling a lie), pulling up your shoulders to make yourself look bigger, raising hackles, etc. What is Observational Learning?;Observational Learning is teaching yourself how to do something by watching someone else do the job, i.e. copy-cat behavior. What is Behavioral Control and Manipulation?;Barking or meowing or crying (like a baby) until the target person responds with the desired behavior is Behavioral Control and Manipulation. What is symbolic behavior?;Symbolic behavior is showing the desired behavior with body language i.e. hugging, presenting a ball, scratching at a food bowl, etc.